By filtering out terpenes through CO2 extraction, it is possible that you lose some of the characteristics that make cannabis cultivars different from one another. These aroma molecules, called terpenes, are part of what gives each cannabis strain its unique identity. In a 2018 study comparing CO2 extract to dried cannabis flower, researchers from Washington State found that certain aroma molecules were lost during the CO2 extraction process. While all solvents commonly used to process cannabis will successfully extract THC, different solvents work better at pulling out different cannabis compounds. Unlike BHO, which produces a soft yet solid product, concentrates extracted with CO2 gas feature a honey-like consistency. Like BHO, an excellent CO2 oil will fall somewhere between light to dark amber in color. This type of concentrate is often used to fill vapor cartridges or oral syringes. What Is CO2 Oil?ĬO2 oil is perhaps the second most common cannabis concentrate. Other preparations can look like amber crystal shards, called shatter. The consistency of any BHO should be fairly solid, however, there is quite a lot of variation in BHO concentrates depending on how the product was prepared. A high-quality BHO should be amber to golden in color, an indication that no chlorophyll or other plant materials have ended up in the extraction. Unlike other solvents, BHO is also very good at separating THC and other cannabinoids from the cannabis plant itself. Making BHO with high-quality extraction machinery allows technicians to safely handle the flammable gas and more easily ensure that no residual gas remains in the end product. Nowadays, butane extraction is done safely by extraction laboratories with the appropriate equipment. The gas is highly flammable and can easily explode when not properly handled. Though, this is not recommended.īutane is quite dangerous. Some brave consumers even make crude butane extracts themselves. Out of all of the solvents, butane extraction requires the least amount of technology. BHO was one of the first concentrates to hit medical and recreational markets. As the name suggests, BHO is a cannabis concentrate made using butane as a solvent. Shatter, wax, honeycomb, budder, crumble. Thanks to decades of prohibition, the advanced extraction technologies utilized by other industries are only just now entering the world of medical and recreational marijuana. With cannabis, however, extractions are a fairly new addition to the industry repertoire. Decaffeinated coffee is made using CO2 extraction technology and many seed-based cooking oils are extracted using similar methods. Pharmaceutical companies use extractions when studying new plant-derived medicines. While most extractions contain either THC, CBD, or some combination of the two, there are differences between concentrates depending on what type of solvent is used.īotanical extractions are nothing new. Some of the most common solvents when making cannabis concentrates are butane, ethanol, and carbon dioxide (CO2). In order to collect concentrated resin, you need to extract it with a solvent. You cannot simply wash resin off of plant matter.Ĭannabis resin is a fatty oil, which means that it will not mix with water. So, what gives? In order to create concentrated cannabis oil, you need to separate the nutritious resin from the plant material. From rock-like crystals to syrupy oils, there are more types of extractions than ever before. How Do You Smoke Cannabis Concentrates?Ĭannabis concentrates come in all shapes and sizes. These lesser-known cannabinoids not only contribute to the overall experience the concentrate provides, but they may also have medicinal benefits. In addition, cannabis oil contains other cannabinoid compounds related to THC, including cannabidiol (CBD). Cannabis resin not only contains the psychoactive cannabinoid tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the compound that causes the famous “high”, but it also contains an abundance of flavor and aroma compounds. While all essential oils are unique, the oils produced by the cannabis plant contain an impressive array of nutrients. Extracting these essential oils from plants is how we harness the medicinal and nutritional benefits of various herbs and spices. Essential oils can contain fragrances to attract pollinators, as well as antimicrobial compounds and bitter flavors to keep predators at bay. Essential oils are nutrient-rich fats that plants create to help them survive. Like all plants, marijuana produces an essential oil. Simply stated, cannabis concentrates are the extracted essential oils of the cannabis plant.
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